In the treatment of Diabetes Insulin plays a key role. But we must be clear what exactly insulin few guys there and how it works in our body.
What is Insulin?
A practical definition without entering strictly medical terms is that insulin is a hormone composed of 51 amino acids. Inside the pancreas, beta cells produce the hormone insulin. With each meal, beta cells release insulin to help the body use or store blood glucose obtained from food. Its deficiency causes diabetes mellitus and its excess causes hyperinsulinemia with hypoglycemia.
In people with type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not produce insulin. The beta cells have been destroyed and insulin injections are needed to use glucose meals.
People with type 2 diabetes produce insulin, but their bodies do not respond well to it. Some people with type 2 diabetes need diabetes medications or insulin injections to help your body use glucose for energy.
* Insulin can not be taken as a pill, as it is broken down during digestion like protein in food. It should be injected into the fat under the skin to reach the bloodstream.
There are different types of insulin depending on how fast you work, and as a function of its duration. Insulin comes in different strengths, the most common is U-100.
Types of insulin:
* From Rapid Action: Start working about 15 minutes after injection, with peaks in about 1 hour, and continues to work for a period of 2-4 hours. Types: Insulin glulisine (Apidra), insulin lispro (Humalog) and insulin aspart (NovoLog).
* Regular or short-acting Usually reaches the bloodstream within 30 minutes after injection, peaks between 2-3 hours after injection, and is effective for about 3 to 6 hours. Types: Humulin R, Novolin R
* Intermediate acting Usually reaches the bloodstream of about 2 to 4 hours after injection, peak 4 to 12 hours and eseficaz for about 12 to 18 hours. Types: NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N)
* De Long Action: Reach bloodstream several hours after injection and tends to decrease glucose levels fairly evenly over a period of 24 hours. Types: Insulin detemir (Levemir) and insulin glargine (Lantus)
Note: This information should always consult with your medical specialist.
Insulin has 3 features:
Onset: The time before insulin reaches the bloodstream and reducing blood glucose starts.
Pico: The time during which insulin is having maximum impact in terms of reducing blood glucose.
Duration: This is how long the insulin continues to lower blood glucose.
Insulin resistance:
All insulins are dissolved or suspended in liquids. The standard and most commonly used today is U-100, which means containing 100 units of insulin per milliliter of fluid. There is also the U-500 insulin is available for patients who are extremely resistant to insulin.
the U-40 insulin, which has 40 units of insulin per milliliter of fluid, usually has been removed worldwide, but may still be found in some places (U-40 insulin is still used in the veterinary) attention.
additives:
All insulins have added ingredients. This prevents the growth of bacteria and helps maintain a neutral balance between acids and bases. Intermediate acting insulins, long acting also contain ingredients that prolong their actions. In rare cases, additives can cause an allergic reaction.
I hope I have clarified certain concepts about insulin.
I wish to close this article with a recommendation:
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